Medicare Advantage plans advertise their “extra” benefits as a way to lure in new enrollees. But, new research published in JAMA Network finds that Medicare Advantage dental, vision and hearing benefits offer little value to enrollees. Enrollees have no better access to dental, vision and hearing benefits than people in traditional Medicare.
The most recent MedPAC data show that the federal government is spending 22 percent more per Medicare Advantage enrollee than for enrollees in traditional Medicare. The data are increasingly also showing that, notwithstanding the estimated $83 billion more the insurers offering Medicare Advantage received from the federal government in 2024, Medicare Advantage enrollees get fewer benefits than people in traditional Medicare.
For the most part, insurers offering Medicare Advantage only cover care for their enrollees from a restricted network of physicians and hospitals. In rural communities, people have to travel long distances to see a doctor or get treated at a hospital because their local providers are not in their Medicare Advantage plan network. And, the specialists qualified to treat certain conditions are also often not in-network.
Moreover, Medicare Advantage insurers often inappropriately delay and deny care to their enrollees, particularly when they have complex and costly conditions. The insurers’ financial incentive is to withhold care because the government pays them upfront regardless of the amount of money they spend on care. The less care they cover the more money they get to keep.
A team at Mass General Brigham looked at whether the “extra” benefits Medicare Advantage insurers offer add value. Insurers misleadingly claim that they give their enrollees more than traditional Medicare in the form of extra benefits. But, that is not true in fact.
Insurers often deny Medicare Advantage enrollees coverage for treatments that traditional Medicare covers. And, while insurers technically offer enrollees additional benefits, too often, enrollees are not aware of these benefits or the out-of-pocket costs present a barrier to care. The researchers found that fewer than six in ten enrollees knew their Medicare Advantage plan covered these “extra” benefits.
Between 2017 and 2021, people in traditional Medicare and Medicare Advantage spent about the same amount for dental, vision and hearing services, notwithstanding that Medicare Advantage plans claim to offer these benefits and traditional Medicare does not. They also received about the same number of services. There is no reason to be paying Medicare Advantage insurers more per enrollee than the government spends in traditional Medicare.
“Medicare Advantage plans receive more money per beneficiary than traditional Medicare plans, but our findings add to the evidence that this increased cost is not justified,” said first author Christopher L. Cai, MD. At best, people in Medicare Advantage are getting a discount of less than 10 percent on vision, hearing and dental treatment. Out-of-pocket costs are high, even with the benefits, and the panel of covered providers is narrow.
“Supplemental benefits are a major draw to Medicare Advantage, but our findings show that people enrolled in Medicare Advantage have no better access to extra services than people in traditional Medicare, and that much of the cost comes out of their own pockets,” according to senior author Lisa Simon, MD, DMD, assistant professor in the Division of General and Internal Medicine at Brigham and Women’s Hospital. “Older adults and people with disabilities deserve better from Medicare.”
Here’s more from Just Care:
- Do you know about these free and low-cost benefits?
- Extra benefits in Medicare Advantage: Truth or Fiction?
- Five things to think about when choosing between traditional Medicare and a Medicare Advantage plan
- OIG finds widespread inappropriate care denials in Medicare Advantage
- How will the administration address Medicare Advantage overpayments in 2025?